African American Vernacular English Language Essay

African American Vernacular English African American Vernacular English can be described as an assortment of American English that is mostly used by urban-working class and mostly bi-dialectical middle-class black Americans. The language is also commonly known as Black Vernacular English or Black English. In some cases, particularly outside the academic community, it is referred to as Ebonics given its distinctive features and similarities with other non-standard English varieties. The similarities with other varieties are evident when compared to various standard and non-standard English languages that are commonly used in the United States and the Caribbean. In the past few years, African American Vernacular English has been the subject of various public debates and attracted considerable attention among sociolinguists. This paper examines the development of this language, its distinctive features, cultural context, and socio-economic implications of the use of African America n Vernacular English. Roots of African American Vernacular English The history and origin of African American Vernacular English and other varieties associated with it has been an issue of increased controversy (Sidnell, n.d.). However, the roots of this language were undoubtedly established in the rural South whereas its 20th Century development as a socio-cultural variety is strongly linked to its use in non-Southern urban regions. In essence, the emergence of urban Black English is aShow MoreRelatedAfrican American Vernacular English (Aave)1503 Words   |  7 PagesAfrican American Vernacular English The United States of America is one of the world’s most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations. Even though there is not an official national language, most Americans speak Standard American English (SAE). 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But it is distinct in many ways, and it is more different from Standard English (SE) than any other dialect spoken in continental North America.† (Pullum, 39) AAE is a precious product of a people who mastered a languageRead MoreThe Future Of Black English And Its Academic Impact On African American Children1291 Words   |  6 PagesThe Future of ‘Black English’ and its Academic Impact on African-American Children Introduction Language plays a key role in communication in any society, culture and organization. This medium of social interaction is universal and has been passed down for centuries as a legacy. Therefore, it is imperative that the purity of the language is kept within each framework of heritage. Culture also plays a very important role in the evolution of language. It is the foundation of social engagement andRead MoreSpeech Is Nothing More Than Incorrect English1373 Words   |  6 Pagesalike have made their fair share of jokes on this word comprised of â€Å"ebony† and â€Å"phonics†, which is used when referring to the speech of African American English speakers (Pullum, 321). While some would say that this variety of speech is nothing more than incorrect English, others would argue that African American Vernacular English (AAVE) is in fact a language on its own, complete with rules, complexities, and patterns (Pullum, 321). The opposing sides on this issue have sparked contr oversial debatesRead MoreEssay about ebonics1044 Words   |  5 Pagesconnotations of terms like Nonstandard Negro English that had been coined in the 1960s when the first modern large-scale linguistic studies of African American speech communities began. However, the term Ebonics never caught on amongst linguists, much less among the general public. 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Even thoughRead More Code Switching in William Wells Browns Clotel Essay896 Words   |  4 Pagesone would speak to a scholar, or speak to a prison inmate in the same regard that one would speak with the President of the United States. Speaking in standard American English and then in African American Vernacular English (AAVE), or Ebonics, portrays the most prominent use of code switching in today’s society, especially among American youths. Today, people utilize code switching to associate better amongst a group of people. In William Wells Brown’s Clotel, code switching plays an important role

The Ethical Principles of Islam Essay - 1454 Words

The Ethical Principles of Islam Most religions have similar ethical principles and beliefs on the value and nature of human life; however this essay will be focusing on one religion in particular, Islam. Islam’s main principles about the human life are quite similar to the other religions, and the fact that life is sacred. This underpins all issues dealing with medical ethics such as Abortion and Euthanasia. Muslims believe that all human life is sacred because it is given by Allah, and that Allah chooses how long each person will live. Human beings should not interfere in this, which is why Islam would most definitely favour sanctity of life over quality of life, as the Islamic view is†¦show more content†¦There are many other quotes from the Qu’ran which support the argument of the sacredness of life. If anyone kills a person - unless it be for murder or spreading mischief in the land- it would be as if he killed the whole people. (Quran 5.32) When their time comes they cannot delay it for a single hour nor can they bring it forward by a single hour. (Quran 16.61) And no person can ever die except by Allahs leave and at an appointed term. (Quran 3.145) Destroy not yourselves. Surely Allah is ever merciful to you. (Quran 4.29) There is a vast amount of emphasis put on the sacredness of human life, and how it should be protected at all times, however Islam permits killing, under very strict circumstances, in a â€Å"war† called â€Å"Jihad†, and is often mistranslated to mean ‘holy war’, however its true meaning can be anything from an inward spiritual struggle to attain perfect faith to a political or military struggle to further the Islamic cause. The Prophet Muhammad has given clear instructions about the behaviour of the Muslim army. HeShow MoreRelatedThe Islamic Ethical Principles Of Euthanasia Essay1419 Words   |  6 PagesHOW DOES ISLAM RESPOND TO EUTHANASIA? 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The Saudi Arabian Directorate of Ifta, Preaching and Guidance, has issued a directive decreeing that whoever believes that there is aRead MoreImportance Of Nursing Values In Nursing1013 Words   |  5 Pages Nursing Values and the Islamic Philosophy Many of the nursing actions are affected by understanding moral reasoning, code of professional practice, and legal principles. In general, nurses believe that nursing profession values guide their actions and decisions in their careers. For nurses, caring for patients during birth, healing, illness, and death are their responsibility. It would be impossible to provide exceptional care for their patients, if they are not aware of the patient’s values.Read MoreThe And Its Effect On Human Life921 Words   |  4 Pages However, this promise has been accompanied by several issues. The most common issue has raised its ethical implications in the culture like Muslim world, because in 1983, the Muslim Religious Council disallowed organ donations by supporters of Islam, but it has overturned its position, as long the donor s consent in writing before death.. Transplanted Islam powerfully believes in the principle of saving human life. Still, some concern needs to be addressed as attitude towards and accepting ofRead MoreThe Islamic Concept Of Justice Essay1229 Words   |  5 Pagesnumerous works, some of which are still being read today, and one that is the focus of this essay called â€Å"The Islamic Concept of Justice†. This book was released and published in 2002 and he touches on many different subjects and their importance in Islam. Khadduri begins by delineating a contention in the law. 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(Sura 6:71, The Holy Quran) The core theology and beliefs of Islam inspires Muslims with a sense of meaning and direction in their lives. Paramount to Islamic beliefs are the Aqida ul-Islam or the Articles of Faith - the fundamental principles which direct, thus add meaning to an Islamic life, by dictating what Allah wills of His adherents. The first Article, the belief in Tahwid, the recognition ofRead More Islam Essay628 Words   |  3 Pages The law, defined as the body of rules and principles governing the affairs of a community and enforced by a political authority, is an important facet of any community. It provides guidelines for those in the community to follow so that they may have the most peaceful and problem- free life. Islam takes this notion of peace and obedience and applies to everyday living for the members of its community. 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Mattel’s Chinese Sourcing Crisis free essay sample

Mattel had discovered on July 30 that a number of its toys manufactured in China contained lead paint The following month had seen a series of recalls, rising political tensions between the United States and Chinese governments, and a suicide But no company had been in China longer than Mattel; the original Barbie had been created there in 1959 Mattel had a depth of experience and a longevity of relationships which should have prevented it. In the end it was those relationships and that longevity which may have contributed to the product safety failures. Global Supply Chains and Risk Toys were based on a global supply chain which was highly sensitive to petrochemical (plastics) and labor input costs, environmental and human rights sensitivities to socially responsible and sustainable business practices, transportation and logistic disruptions, border crossings, cost and time to market – all of which added to risk. Mattel had established its Global Manufacturing Principles in 1997, in which it established principles and practices for all companies and sites which manufactured Mattel products, either company owned or licensed manufacturing First Chinese Signal The crisis had actually begun in June when U. We will write a custom essay sample on Mattel’s Chinese Sourcing Crisis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page S. toy maker RC2 recalled 1. 5 million Thomas the Tank Engine products made in Guangdong, the Chinese province adjacent to Hong Kong and long the center for contract manufacturing by Western firms. Mattel followed with a series of three recalls in less than one month The first recall of 1. 5 million toys of 83 different models was on August 2, most of which were produced by Lee Der Industrial, a Mattel supplier for 15 years. The toys contained high levels of lead paint, a chemical banned many years ago, but still secretly used by manufacturers around the globe to reduce costs The second recall, amounting to more than 18 million toys worldwide, was announced on August 14. Products recalled were primarily made by The Early Light Industrial company in China, a Mattel partner for 20 years. The third recall, announced on September 4, was for 800,000 toys, most of which were accessories for Barbie dolls. Mattel explained that product further testing had indicated they possessed â€Å"impermissible levels† of lead paint. The products originated from seven different Chinese factories. This third announcement had prompted the European Union to announce a two-month review of toy product safety for toys sold within the EU, regardless of the source of their manufacture. Exhibit 1 China-Manufactured Products Recalled by the U. S. Consumer Products Safety Commission Between August 3 and September 6, 2007 Mattel’s Sourcing Chinese manufacturers were the source of 65% of Mattel’s toys. Of those 65% , about one-half were owned by Mattel, and one-half manufactured product for the company under a variety of licensed manufacturing agreements. Mattel still owns the 12 factories which make the majority of its core products like Barbie and Hot Wheels. But for the other roughly 50% of its product lines it relies on a set of vendors, which had included Lee Der Industrial and First Light. For long-standing relationships like those with Lee Der and First Light, Mattel allowed the companies to do most of their own product testing as a result of the long-term relationship and growth in trust between the two parties. Regardless of who owned the actual manufacturing facility, many of the non-Mattel vendors had in-turn out-sourced many components and parts to other businesses. All of the businesses in the complex supply chain were facing the same competitive cost pressures in China – rising wage rates, a shortage of skilled labor in coastal provinces, escalating material and commodity prices – some of which may have been the motivation for suppliers to cut corners and costs Chinese Industrial Development The rapid growth of the Chinese economy was already well-known and well-documented: approximately 5% of all manufactured goods in the world were now Chinese; 25% of all products sold in the United States had significant Chinese content; global commodity prices of oil, copper, molybdenum, steel, and others, were seeing record levels as the rate of nfrastructure and business development in China caused global shortages and market pressures. But the costs of such rapid economic development were only now starting to become painfully apparent. The rate of manufacturing growth had far surpassed the ability of the Chinese government on all levels to manage the growth.